Since President William Ruto assumed office on September 13, 2022, Kenya has ramped up diplomatic and commercial engagements that have yielded a steady stream of memoranda of understanding (MoUs) with foreign states, sub-national partners, and international organisations.
Here’s a verified list of MoUs Kenya has signed under the Ruto presidency.
- United Arab Emirates (UAE): In 2025, Kenya and the UAE signed a package of seven MoUs covering military cooperation, transport, energy, customs, and the establishment of a joint business council. The signing was witnessed by President Ruto and UAE Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed.
- Ghana: In April 2024, Nairobi and Accra signed seven MoUs aimed at boosting trade, investment, and private-sector collaboration. The ceremony was announced on President Ruto’s official communications channels.
- Japan: Kenya and Japan concluded strategic financial and development arrangements under Ruto’s outreach to Tokyo. These included yen-denominated financing and cooperation agreements announced during TICAD and follow-up official visits in 2024–2025.
- Netherlands: In 2025, Kenya and the Netherlands signed MoUs covering trade, agriculture, and tourism cooperation as part of Kenya’s drive to deepen European trade ties.
- Burundi: During the Joint Permanent Commission for Cooperation (JPCC) session in Nairobi (April 2025), Kenya and Burundi signed seven MoUs in areas including trade, mining, and immigration. This was publicised by Musalia Mudavadi on his official social media accounts.
- Uganda: In 2025, Nairobi and Kampala signed multiple MoUs during President Yoweri Museveni’s official visit to Kenya. These agreements focused on infrastructure, trade, and regional integration.
- Zimbabwe: In 2025, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Musalia Mudavadi confirmed the signing of partnership agreements with Zimbabwe as part of state visits and renewed diplomatic ties.
- Haiti: In 2024, Kenya and Haiti signed an agreement permitting the deployment of Kenyan police officers as part of an international security mission. The deal was witnessed by President Ruto and widely covered in international media.
- China (Business/Industry): In September 2025, the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the China Chamber for Import & Export of Machinery and Electronic Products signed a cooperation MoU to foster trade and industrial exchanges.
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Iran: In July 2023, President Ruto and Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi presided over the signing of five MoUs covering ICT, fisheries, animal health and livestock, culture and heritage, and investment promotion. The agreements were hailed as a step toward boosting Kenya’s manufacturing and agri-business sectors.
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Romania: In November 2023, Kenya signed four MoUs with Romania in areas including environment and climate change, veterinary and food safety, agricultural research, and diplomatic training.
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Indonesia: During President Ruto’s state visit to Jakarta in August 2023, Kenya signed several MoUs with Indonesia covering energy (geothermal, power transmission and distribution), mining and geology, pharmaceuticals, vaccine technology transfer, and agricultural trade.
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African Development Bank Group (AfDB): In October 2023, Kenya signed an MoU with the African Development Bank for Nairobi to host the 2024 AfDB Annual Meetings, strengthening cooperation in economic development and investment mobilisation.
- U.S. State of Nebraska: In September 2025, Kenya and Nebraska signed a landmark MoU to deepen cooperation on diaspora affairs, skills development, and cultural exchange. The signing was witnessed at State House and widely publicised by government officials.
- California (U.S. State): In late September 2025, Kenya signed an MoU with the State of California focusing on climate, emissions, and trade cooperation. The agreement was announced during Climate Week in New York.
- International Organisations: Kenya has signed MoUs with institutions such as the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) to host regional project offices and with various private-sector partners, including chambers of commerce and industrial parks. These are often announced by sectoral ministries and international organisations.
Read: List of Roads Built During Ruto’s First 3 Years of Administration
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